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• Causes
• How Often Cats Throw Up Hairballs
• Symptoms
• Treatments
• Care Tips

Is your kitty facing a hairball problem? While hairballs in cats are natural, large lumps of hardened hair can block your kitty’s digestive tract and cause fatal health threats that require surgical intervention.

Most cats have hairballs, regardless of the length of their hair. What isn’t normal is frequent and persistent regurgitation of hairballs. It may mean that your kitty has an underlying health concern like bacterial overgrowth, anxiety, or allergies.

As a cat parent, you must have found cleaning after these hair lumps unpleasant and gross. So, what exactly are hairballs, what symptoms should you look for, and how do you prevent your feline from having hairballs?

What Causes Hairballs in Cats?

Indoor cats spend most of their daytime grooming to stay clean and soothe themselves. Cats groom by licking their coats.

When cats are grooming, hook-like structures on their tongue (papillae) pick up loose and dead fur, which they end up swallowing in the process. Unfortunately, hair has a complex and indigestible protein known as keratin.

Although it does not usually involve complications, there are times when some hairs remain in the stomach and collect into a damp lump of fur. Usually, kitties get rid of these hairs by passing them in their feces. At other times, cats may end up vomiting the hairballs, also known as a trichobezoar.

Hairballs are not round but form a tube and sausage-like shape as they squeeze through the narrow esophagus on their way out. These hairballs form when the cat ingests excess hair that can’t move through the digestive tract smoothly.

Hairballs are more common in long-haired cat breeds that tend to groom, shed, and pick up more hair than short-haired breeds. They are also more common in cats with skin issues than those with problem-free skin. They also appear more in adult cats than kittens because kitties become adept groomers with age.

How Often Should Cats Throw Up Hairballs?

This condition is normal and no cause for concern unless your feline friend tends to cough them up more often than usual, leading to gastrointestinal obstruction.

So, how often should it be? The numbers vary depending on your vet. Some vet authorities suggest that a wad of fur every one or two weeks is fair for a healthy cat, while some kitties like the long-haired Persians and Maine coons throw up hairballs once a year or seldom.

You might notice that your cat tends to vomit hairballs more often during certain times. Well, furballs are seasonal. Hairballs are more common in summer when cats are grooming more often to shed their winter coats.

But the bottom line is, only you understand what’s typical for your kitty, and you should consult your vet if your feline friend is regurgitating hairballs more often than it should.

Frequent hairballs may be an indication of reduced motility and impairment of the feline’s digestive system. Reduced motility means that the feline’s gastrointestinal tract is suffering since food and moisture aren’t passing through it as they should.

And when the intestinal walls continuously come into contact with the resulting uncleared antigens and pathogens for a long time, it causes a bacteria overgrowth that prevents nutrient absorption.

Similarly, kitties that buff out excess hairballs may be overgrooming, making them ingest too much fur. Frequent hairballs and excessive grooming could be signs of anxiety and distress in response to sudden changes in the kitty’s environment, allergies, food sensitivities, unhealthy skin, or an illness.

So, check with your vet if your feline friend is grooming excessively or aggressively.

Symptoms of Hairball in Cats

It is disturbing to see or clean a cat’s hairball. But, how will you distinguish a hairball? What are the accompanying symptoms?

First off, your cat may gag and eventually cough up a bullet-like particle that has the same color as its hair, which contains fur along with normal stool. In addition to gagging and vomiting, your kitty may exhibit:

Contact your family vet any time your cat displays the above symptoms to confirm the hairball because the symptoms can indicate other health conditions. It would be best to keep a diary of how often your cat regurgitates the hairballs and the other symptoms it displays.

Your vet may require the feline’s history of hairball regurgitation before performing physical exams, ordering blood work, X-rays, and radiographs to check for the feline’s intestinal tract obstruction. The vet will treat the gut blockage immediately or call for surgery or before it turns deadly for your cat.

Treatments of Hairballs in Cats

Although there’s no permanent treatment that can prevent hairballs, there are measures you can put in place to reduce their likelihood and frequency. There are several treatments that various veterinary authorities recommend, depending on the severity and urgency of the condition.

1. Use a Hairball Preventive or Laxative

You can find laxatives in the market such as Cat Lax that help move the hairball down the digestive tract and prevent them from occurring. The laxatives can be mild and usually treat the problem at its root-the coat.

These hairball gels and pastes contain petroleum jelly and mineral oils that do not absorb in the cat’s digestive system if ingested. Instead, they act as a lubricant so the hairball can pass unobstructed. The good thing is, most kitties enjoy the taste and consider the laxatives and ointments a treat.

Cat parents can apply these hairball preventives and gels on the cat’s coat twice or thrice a week for it to lick off their paws.

Although laxatives effectively enable the passage of stubborn hairballs, it would be best for cat parents only to administer vet-approved preventives. Plus, you should not use this treatment with food to avoid interfering and affecting your cat’s regular diet.

2. Groom Your Cat Regularly

Cats like and swallow loose hair frequently. You can help reduce the amount of ingested hair and prevent regular hairballs by combing or brushing the cat’s coat several times a week. The more hair you can remove, the less hair your cat ends up ingesting.

Regular or daily grooming helps the cat shed loose hair and provides a fun moment for you to bond with your feline friend.

You can take the cat to a professional groomer for a grooming session and haircut twice a year or so, especially if your cat is long-haired if your other commitments prevent you from grooming it regularly.

3. Change of Diet

Thankfully, many pet food manufacturers today make specialized hairball-reduction formulas and cat foods. Excellent examples include Greenies Feline Hairball Control, Iams Proactive Health Hairball Care, and Purina ONE Hairball, among many others.

Introducing your cat to this specialized diet will help your kitty to pass and eliminate the fur build-up from the digestive system.

Your vet may recommend high-fiber formulas that are also known to boost the health of your cat’s coat, keep the digestive system functioning as it should, and reduce shedding.

Only change your kitty’s diet, use commercial diets, or introduce your cat to hairball-reducing treats after approval from your vet.

4. Discourage Excessive Grooming

Yes, hairballs in cats can be a result of compulsive grooming. While these animals naturally groom themselves, you can help reduce how often they do it by initiating other recreational activities that keep the cat occupied.

You can train them to get used to playing with cat toys, running outdoors, and playing with you to take up the time it may otherwise use to lick its coat.

5. Surgical Removal

Unfortunately, your cat may require a surgical procedure to dislodge the hairballs in its system. Vets recommend this treatment plan if the condition is severe and life-threatening. Surgical procedures usually happen immediately after the diagnosis to prevent fatalities.

6. Controlling Food Portions

Sometimes cats pick hair in their food while eating. It is possible because cats can shed hair into their food.

It would help if cat parents fed their pets multiple small meals rather than one or two huge meals in a day to reduce the time the cat spends at the food station and prevent shedding, ingestion of fur, and formation of hairballs.

7. Feed Your Cat Hypoallergenic Cat Food

Allergies could also cause excessive shedding that results in hairballs. If you start noticing hair in your cat’s stool or cough-up, it will help to feed your pet hypoallergenic cat foods exclusively for some time.

Examples of hypoallergenic foods you can feed your cat include Addiction Grain-Free Salmon Cat Food, Royal Canin Cat Food, and Hill’s Prescription Diet Cat Food.

If these foods don’t seem to work, check with your vet and talk to them about less-allergenic prescription diets before ruling out allergies as the cause of frequent hairballs.

What to Do After a Cat’s Hairball Treatment

Hairball and intestinal obstruction treatment can guarantee your cat’s full recovery, although it may take some time. It would be best to conduct a follow-up appointment with your vet to ensure that the kitty responds well to treatment and hasten the recovery process.

A follow-up plan is mandatory, especially if the vet recommended a treatment involving a surgical procedure. Your vet will check the cat’s healing progress and suggest ways to prevent hairball concerns in the future.

Summary

Finding a cylindrical pile of fur in your cat’s vomit or stool is not only disgusting, but it could also be a sign of an underlying health concern.

You can reduce the prevalence of hairballs using dietary plans like high-fiber and hypoallergenic cat food. Better still, you can prevent hairballs using simple and non-dietary hairball remedies like regular grooming and gel application.

But before starting any of the treatments, consult your vet first, as your kitty may even need surgery to alleviate the condition immediately.

See also: 

• Can Cats Die of Old Age? What You Should Know

Featured Image Credit: RJ22, Shutterstock